when we need to Check/ Uncheck all chield nodes of anynode in TreeView we need to create a recursive function which will do check all to all child nodes of the current node and voice-versa. Private Sub tvrights_AfterCheck(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.Windows.Forms.TreeViewEventArgs) Handles tvrights.AfterCheck RemoveHandler tvrights.AfterCheck, AddressOf tvrights_AfterCheck CheckChildNode(e.Node)...
Wednesday, September 30, 2009
Visit all Nodes of TreeView
when we need to traverse all nodes of a treeview then we will have to create a recursive function.In below example we are showing how to visit all nodes of treeview.eg:- Private Sub TraverseTreeView(ByVal tview As TreeView) Dim temp As New TreeNode For k As Integer = 0 To tview.Nodes.Count - 1 temp = tview.Nodes(k) messagebox.show(temp) 'this will show node text For i As Integer...
Monday, September 28, 2009
Custom Page Size Crystal Report by Code
Dim oRpt As New CrystalDecisions.CrystalReports.Engine.ReportDocument oRpt.Load(Server.MapPath("CrystalReport.rpt")) oRpt.PrintOptions.PaperOrientation = [Shared].PaperOrientation.Portrait oRpt.PrintOptions.PaperSize = [Shared].PaperSize.PaperEnvelope10 CrystalReportViewer1.ReportSource = oR...
Tuesday, September 22, 2009
Repair a database
Repair a databaseTo determine whether a database needs to be repaired run:dbcc checkdb('DB-NAME') with no_infomsgsreplacing 'DB-NAME' with the name of the database.If this completes without displaying any errors then the database does not need to be repaired.If the errors that come back contain lines saying:... Run DBCC UPDATEUSAGEThen the database does not need to be repaired, simply run:dbcc updateusage('DB-NAME') with no_infomsgsIf...
Monday, September 14, 2009
Static Class
Static classes are used when a class provides functionality that is not specific to any unique instance. Here are the features of static classes in C# 2.0.Static classes can not be instantiated.Static classes are sealed so they can not be inherited.Only static members are allowed.Static classes can only have static constructor to initialize static members.AdvantagesCompiler makes sure that no instance of static class is created....
Difference between Function Overriding and Function Overloading
Difference between Function Overriding and Function OverloadingOverriding is the example of run-time polymorphism andOverloading is the example of compile-time polymorphism.The Compile-Time polymorphism have early binding and Runtime polymorphism have late binding.The Compile-Time polymorphism is Static andRuntime polymorphism is Dynamic. Overriding ¦The return type must exactly match that of the overridden method (Note:- in...
Special folders in ASP.Net
With the release of ASP.NET 2.0, Microsoft has greatly increased the power of ASP.Net by introducing a suite of new features and functionalities.ASP.Net defines several special folders. When a new Web site is created the App_Data folder is created by default; it can contain a SQL Server 2005 Express Edition database, another database, or an XML data file that will be used in the Web site.These folders are also data directories....
Special folders in ASP.Net
With the release of ASP.NET 2.0, Microsoft has greatly increased the power of ASP.Net by introducing a suite of new features and functionalities.ASP.Net defines several special folders. When a new Web site is created the App_Data folder is created by default; it can contain a SQL Server 2005 Express Edition database, another database, or an XML data file that will be used in the Web site.These folders are also data directories....
What is Code Replacement in ASP.Net
.NET Framework assemblies are typically compiled and deployed into a Windows DLL-based PE format. When the common language runtime's loader resolves a class implemented within this type of assembly, it calls the Windows LoadLibrary routine on the file (which locks its access on disk), and then maps the appropriate code data into memory for run-time execution. Once loaded, the DLL file will remain locked on disk until the application...
Thursday, September 10, 2009
In how many ways you can compare two strings in C# using overloaded methods and operators?
There are three ways:1. Overloaded Compare() method 2. Overloaded Equal() method 3. Overloaded == operato...
In how many ways you can create new copies of an existing string in C#?
There are two ways to create new copies of an existing string in C#:1. Using overloaded = operator like - string s2 = s1;2. Using the static Copy method like - string s2 = string.Copy(s1...
What is BOXING and UNBOXING in C#?
BOXING in C# is the conversion of a VALUE type on stack to a OBJECT type on the heap. Vice-versa the conversion from an OBJECT type back to a VALUE type is known as UNBOXING and it requires type castin...
What are the characteristics of C#?
C# is designed for both computing and communication is characterized by several key features. It is -1. Simple2. Consitent3. Modern4. Object-oriented5. Type-safe6. Versionable 7. Compatible 8. Interoprable and 9. Flexib...
What is C# (C-Sharp)?
C# is a new language created by Microsoft and submitted to the ECMA for standardization. According Microsoft "C# is a modern, object-oriented language that enables programmers to quickly build a wide range of applications for the new Microsoft .Net platform, which provides tools and services that fully exploit both computing and communications...
What is ASP.Net?
ASP.Net is a server side scripting technology that enables scripts (embedded in web pages) to be executed by an Internet server.1. ASP.Net is a Microsoft Technology 2. ASP stands for Active Server Pages 3.ASP.Net is a program that runs inside IIS 4.IIS (Internet Information Services) is Microsofts Internet serv...
Name some of the languages ASP.Net does support?
Some of the languages that are supported by ASP.Net: 1. Visual Basic.Net 2. Visual C# 3. Visual C...
Can the action attribute of a server side < form > tag be set to a value and if not how can you possibly pass data to another page?
No, You have to use Server.Transfer to pass the data to another pag...
What is a runtime host in ASP.Net?
.Net framework supports different type of applications like Web, windows, console etc,. Each type of application needs a runtime host to start it. This runtime host loads the runtime into a process, creates the application with in the process and loads the application code into the process. Runtime hosts included in .Net framework areASP.Net: It loads the runtime that can handle a web request into the process. ASP.NET also creates...
What is the .Net framework?
.Net framework is the technology on which .Net applications are developed and deployed. The framework consist of three main components -1. CLR (Comman Langauge Runtime) 2. Unified Classes (Framework Base Classes) 3. User and Program Interface (ASP.Net, Winform...
What are assemblies?
An Assembly is single deployable unit that contains all the information about the implementation of the classes, structures, interfaces and are similar to the DLL files. Both have the reusable pieces of code in the form of classes and functions. DLL needs to be registered but assemblies have its own METADATA.An assembly stores all the information about itself. This is called METADATA and includes the name and version number of...
What is the global assembly cache (GAC)?
GAC is a machine-wide cache of assemblies that allows .Net applications to share libraries. GAC solves the problems associated with dll (DLL Hell...
How does ASP.Net page works?
1. When a browser requests an HTML file, the server returns the file 2. When a browser requests an ASP.Net file, IIS passes the request to the ASP.Net engine on the server 3. The ASP.Net engine reads the file, line by line, and executes the scripts in the file 4. Finally, the ASP.Net file is returned to the browser as plain HTM...
How do you debug an ASP.Net Web application?
Attach the aspnet_wp.exe process to the DbgClr debugge...
What is the default ConnectionTimeOut to wait for a connection to open in ASP.Net?
The default value is 15 second...
How To Find Number of Days between two Dates in C# Asp.Net?
To calculate the number of days between two dates in Asp.Net using C#, use the below piece of code.TimeSpan timespan = Convert.ToDateTime("2009-12-31").Subtract(Convert.ToDateTime("2009-01-01"));Response.Write(timespan.Days+1);Here we use Subtract method to find the difference between two dates. Usually the Subtract method return a value that is one less than the correct value. So to the Timespan object Days property we can add...
Wednesday, September 9, 2009
Session State Management Using SQL Server in ASP.NET
Web applications are by nature stateless. Statelessness is both an advantage and a disadvantage. When resources are not being consumed by maintaining connections and state, scalability is tremendously improved. But the lack of state reduces functionality severely. ECommerce applications require state to be maintained as the user navigates from page to page. ASP.NET’s Session object makes it easy for developers to maintain state...
Friday, September 4, 2009
What is serialization in .NET? What are the ways to control serialization
Serialization is the process of converting an object into a stream of bytes. Deserialization is the opposite process of creating an object from a stream of bytes. Serialization/Deserialization is mostly used to transport objects (e.g. during remoting), or to persist objects (e.g. to a file or database).Serialization can be defined as the process of storing the state of an object to a storage medium. During this process, the public...
What is portable executable (PE)
The file format defining the structure that all executable files (EXE) and Dynamic Link Libraries (DLL) must use to allow them to be loaded and executed by Windows. PE is derived from the Microsoft Common Object File Format (COFF). The EXE and DLL files created using the .NET Framework obey the PE/COFF formats and also add additional header and data sections to the files that are only used by the CLR. The specification for the...
Can I write IL programs directly
Yes. Following Example is written by Rajesh Rolen:-.assembly MyAssembly {}.class MyApp { .method static void Main() { .entrypoint ldstr "Hello, IL!" call void System.Console::WriteLine(class System.Object) ret }}Just put this into a file called hello.il, and then run ilasm hello.il. An exe assembly will be generate...
What is MSIL, IL
When compiling to managed code, the compiler translates your source code into Microsoft intermediate language (MSIL), which is a CPU-independent set of instructions that can be efficiently converted to native code. MSIL includes instructions for loading, storing, initializing, and calling methods on objects, as well as instructions for arithmetic and logical operations, control flow, direct memory access, exception handling,...
What is patindex and charindex in SQL
Patindex: Returns the string position of the first occurrence of patternEx: Select patindex(‘%o%’, ‘Microsoft’)Ans: 5. Note: % is mustCharindex: Same as patindex but you can specify the string position.Ex: charindex ( Expression1, Expression2 [ , start_location...
What is Stuff in SQL server 2000
Specify length of characters and inserts another set of characters at a specified starting point.Stuff(char_exp, start, length, char_exp[ New ] )Ex: stuff(‘abcdef’, 2, 3 ‘ijklm’)Ans: aijklmd...
What exactly happens when ASPX page is requested from Browser
Following are the steps which occur when we request a ASPX page :-* The browser sends the request to the webserver.let’s assume that the webserverat the other end is IIS.* Once IIS receives the request he looks on which engine can serve this request.When I mean engine means the DLL who can parse this page or compile andsend a response back...
What is Tracing in ASP.NET
Tracing allows us to view in detail how the code was execute...
Show the entire validation error message in a message box on the client side
In validation summary set “ShowMessageBox” to tru...
Which JavaScript file is referenced for validating the validators at the client side
WebUIValidation.js javascript file installed at “aspnet_client” root IIS directory is used to validate the validation controls at the client si...
If you have client side validation is enabled in your Web page , Does that mean server side code is not run
When client side validation is enabled server emit’s JavaScript code for the customvalidators. But note that does not mean that server side checks on custom validators donot execute. It does this two time redundant check. As some of the validators do notsupport client side scriptin...
How can we check if all the validation control are valid and proper
Using the Page.IsValid() property you can check whether all the validation are don...
Do session use cookies
cookie enabled and cookieless sessions.By default session uses cookies.if you do not want to use cookies to store session then add/modify the session section in the web.config ...
What order in which events of global.asax are triggered
They're triggered in the following order:Application_BeginRequestApplication_AuthenticateRequestApplication_AuthorizeRequestApplication_ResolveRequestCacheApplication_AcquireRequestStateApplication_PreRequestHandlerExecuteApplication_PreSendRequestHeadersApplication_PreSendRequestContent<>Application_PostRequestHandlerExecuteApplication_ReleaseRequestStateApplication_UpdateRequestCacheApplication_EndReques...
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What are major events in GLOBAL.ASAX file
The Global.asax file, which is derived from the HttpApplication class, maintains a pool of HttpApplication objects, and assigns them to applications as needed. The Global.asax file contains the following events:Application_Init: Fired when an application initializes or is first called. It's invoked for all HttpApplication object instances.Application_Disposed: Fired just before an application is destroyed. This is the ideal location...
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Difference between ASP and ASP.NET
ASP.NET new feature supports are as follows :-Better Language Support$. New ADO.NET Concepts have been implemented.$. ASP.NET supports full language (C# , VB.NET,C++) and not simple scriptinglike VBSCRIPT..Better controls than ASP$. ASP.NET covers large set’s of HTML controls..$. Better Display grid like Datagrid , Repeater and datalist.Many of the displaygrid have paging support.Controls have event supports$. All ASP.NET controls...
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How will decide the design consideration to take a Datagrid , datalist or repeater
Many make a blind choice of choosing datagrid directly , but that's not the right way.Datagrid provides ability to allow the end-user to sort, page, and edit its data.But itcomes at a cost of speed.Second the display format is simple that is in row and columns.Real life scenarios can be more demanding that With its templates, the DataList provides more control over the look and feel of the displayed data than the DataGrid.It...
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Difference between Datagrid , Datalist and repeater From performance point of view
Repeater is fastest followed by Datalist and finally datagri...
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What’s difference between Datagrid , Datalist and repeater
A Datagrid, Datalist and Repeater are all ASP.NET data Web controls.They have many things in common like DataSource Property , DataBind MethodItemDataBound and ItemCreated.When you assign the DataSource Property of a Datagrid to a DataSet then each DataRowpresent in the DataRow Collection of DataTable is assigned to a correspondingDataGridItem and this is same for the rest of the two controls also.But The HTML codegenerated for...
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Wednesday, September 2, 2009
.NET framework overview 1
Has own class libraries. System is the main namespace and all other namespaces are subsets of this. It has CLR(Common language runtime, Common type system, common language specification) All the types are part of CTS and Object is the base class for all the types. If a language said to be .net complaint, it should be compatible with CTS and CLS. All the code compiled into an intermediate language by the .Net language compiler,...
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8. Difference Between Global.asax and web.config file
Global.asax: This file maintain the events. Suppose you want initialize a variable in a particular event means you can assign. User can declare global variable in this file.Web.Config: This file maintain the Security measurement. We can connect database globally. This file is fully XML forma...
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What method do you use to explicitly kill a user Session
by using Session.Abandon we can kill a user session. Abandon The Abandon method destroys all the objects stored in a Session object and releases their resources. If you do not call the Abandon method explicitly, the server destroys these objects when the session times out. Syntax Session.Abandon Remarks When the Abandon method is called, the current Session object is queued for deletion, but is not actually deleted until...
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Explain Server side code and Client side code
Server side code : That code runs at server side and use resources of server like database access. Example of server side languages: - ASP.NET, PHP, JSP. Client side code : The code which uses client side resources and That code is like VB / Java scripts. It is to use validation purpose as well as for client side programming purpos...
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What is Multi-threading
Multi-threading forms subset of Multi-tasking instead of having to switch between programs this feature switches between different parts of the same program.Example you are writing in word and at the same time word is doing a spell check in background. Multi-tasking :- Its a feature of modern operating systems with which we can run multiple programs atsame time example Word,Excel et...
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What is a satellite assembly
In multilingual application in .NET to support multilingual functionality you can have modules which are customized for localization.These assemblies are called as satellite assemblies. You can distribute these assemblies separately than the core module...
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What is difference between VB.NET and C#
Well this is the most debatable issue in .NET community and people treat there languages like religion.Its a subjective matter which language is best.Some like VB.NET’s natural style and some like professional and terse C# syntaxes.Both use the same framework and speed is also very much equivalents . But still lets list down some major differences between them :- Advantages VB.NET :-1. Has support for optional parameters which...
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What is concept of Boxing and Unboxing
Boxing permits any value type to be implicitly converted to type object or to any interface type implemented by value type.Boxing is process in which a object instances created and copying value types value in to that instance.Unboxing is vice versa of boxing operation where the value is copied from the instance in to appropriate storage location.Below is sample code of boxing and unboxing where integer data type is converted...
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What are Value types and Reference types
Value types directly contain their data are either allocated on the stack or allocated in-line in a structure.Reference types store a reference to the value's memory address, and are allocated on the heap.Reference types can be self-describing types, pointer types, or interface types.Variables that are value types each have their own copy of the data, and therefore operations on one variable do not affect other variables. Variables...
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Can we force garbage collector to run
System.GC.Collect() forces garbage collector to run.This is not recommended but can be used ifsituations arise...
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What is garbage collection
Garbage collection is a CLR feature which automatically manages memory. Programmers forget to release the objects while coding ..... laziness ( Remember in VB6 where one of the good practices is to set object to nothing).CLR automatically releases objects when they are no longer referenced and in use.CLR runs on non-deterministic to see the unused objects and cleans them.One side effect of this non-deterministic feature is that...
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What is concept of strong names
Strong name is similar to GUID(It is supposed to be unique in space and time) in COMcomponents.Strong Name is only needed when we need to deploy assembly in GAC.StrongNames helps GAC to differentiate between two versions.Strong names use public key cryptography(PKC) to ensure that no one can spoof it.PKC use public key and private key concept.Following...
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What is GAC
GAC (Global Assembly Cache) is used where shared .NET assembly reside.GAC is used in the following situations :-1. If the application has to be shared among several application.2. If the assembly has some special security requirements like only administratorscan remove the assembly.If the assembly is private then a simple delete ofassembly the assembly file will remove the assembly.Note:-Registering .NET assembly in GAC can lead...
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Is versioning applicable to private assemblies
Versioning concept is only applicable to global assembly cache (GAC) as private assembly lie in there individual folder...
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Where is version information stored of a assembly
Version information is stored in assembly in manifes...
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What is Manifest
Assembly metadata is stored in Manifest.Manifest contains all the metadata needed to do the following things:-1. Version of assembly2. Security identity3. Scope of the assembly4. resolve references to resources and classes.5. The assembly manifest can be stored in either a PE file (an .exe or .dll) withMicrosoft intermediate language (MSIL) code or in a stand-alone PE file thatcontains only assembly manifest informatio...
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If you want to view a Assembly how to you go about it
When it comes to understanding of internals nothing can beat ILDASM.ILDASM basically converts the whole exe or dll in to IL code.To run ILDASM you have to go to "C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio .NET 2003\SDK\v1.1\Bin". Note that i had v1.1 you have to probably change it depending on the type of framework version you have.If you run IDASM.EXE from the path you will be popped with the IDASM exe program asshown in figure...
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What is Difference between NameSpace and Assembly
Following are the differences between namespace and assembly :1. Assembly is physical grouping of logical units. Namespace logically groupsclasses.2. Namespace can span multiple assembl...
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What is NameSpace
Namespace has two basic functionality :-1. NameSpace Logically group types.Example System.Web.UI logically groupsour UI related features.2. In Object Oriented world may times its possible that programmers will use thesame class name.By qualifying NameSpace with classname this collision canbe remove...
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What are different types of Assembly
There are two types of assembly Private and Public assembly.1. A private assembly is normally used by a single application, and is stored in the application's directory, or a sub-directory beneath. A2. shared assembly is normally stored in the global assembly cache, which is a repository of assembliesmaintained by the .NET runtime. Shared assemblies are usually libraries of code which manyapplications will find useful, e.g....
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What is a Assembly
1. Assembly is unit of deployment like EXE or a DLL.2. An assembly consists of one or more files (dlls, exe’s, html files etc.), andrepresents a group of resources, type definitions, and implementations of thosetypes. An assembly may also contain references to other assemblies. Theseresources, types and references are described in a block of data called a manifest.The manifest is part of the assembly, thus making the assembly...
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What is a Managed Code
Managed code runs inside the environment of CLR. i.e. .NET runtime.In short all IL are managed code.But if you are using some third party software example VB6 or VC++ component they areunmanaged code as .NET runtime (CLR) does not have control over the source code execution of the languag...
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What is a CLS(Common Language Specification)
This is a subset of the CTS which all .NET languages are expected to support.It was always a dream of microsoft to unite all different languages in to one umbrella and CLS is one step towards that.Microsoft has defined CLS which are nothing but guidelines that language to follow, so that it can communicate with other .NET languages in a seamless manne...
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What is a CTS?
In order that two different languages can communicate Microsoft introduced Common Type System. For example in VB you have “Integer” and in C++ you have “long” these datatypes are not compatible so the interfacing between them is very complicated.In order that two language communicate smoothly CLR has CTS (Common Type System).So “Integer” datatype in VB6 and “int” datatype in C++ will convert it to System.int32 which is datatype...
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What is a CLR and what is use of it in .NET
framework.All Languages have runtime and its the responsibility of the runtime to take care ofthe code execution of the program.For example VC++ has MSCRT40.DLL,VB6 hasMSVBVM60.DLL , Java has Java Virtual Machine etc. Similarly .NET has CLR.Following are theresponsibilities of CLR1. Garbage Collection :- CLR automatically manages memory thus eliminatingmemory leakes. When objects are not referred GC automatically releases thosememory...
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